Router components and their functions:
| Components | CPU | Executes operating system instructions |
|---|---|---|
| RAM | Contains the running copy of configuration file. Stores routing table | |
| ROM | Holds diagnostic software used when router is powered up. | |
| NVRAM | Store startup configuration. This may include IP address (Router protocol, Hostname of router) | |
| Flash | Contains the operating system (Cisco IOS) | |
| Interface | There exist multiple physical interfaces that are use to connect network. Examples of interface types: - Ethernet/FastEthernet interfaces - Serial interfaces - Management interface |
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